| Abstract: | Population sizes of territorial male red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) were determined with counts of territorial males (area count) and a Petersen-Lincoln Index method for roadsides (roadside estimate). Weather conditions and time of day did not influence either method. Combined roadside estimates had smaller error bounds than the individual transect estimates and were not hindered by the problem of zero recaptures. Roadside estimates were usually one-half as large as the area counts, presumably due to an observer bias for marked birds. The roadside estimate provides only an index of major changes in populations of territorial male redwings. When the roadside estimate is employed, the area count should be used to determine the amount and nature of observer bias. For small population surveys, the area count is probably more reliable and accurate than the roadside estimate. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 1008234 |
| Citation Author: | McGinnis, T. W.; Emslie, S. D. |
| Citation Contributing Office: | Western Ecological Research Center |
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| Citation End Page: | 370 |
| Citation Issue: | 3 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Waterbirds |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 10 |
| Citation Online Only Flag: | |
| Citation Phsyical Description: | p. 361-370 |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | The Foraging Ecology of Royal and Sandwich Terns in North Carolina, USA; 2001; Article; Journal; Waterbirds; McGinnis, T. W.; Emslie, S. D. |
| Citation Start Page: | 361 |
| Citation Volume: | 24 |
| Citation Year: | 2001 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | The Foraging Ecology of Royal and Sandwich Terns in North Carolina, USA; 2001; Article; Journal; Waterbirds; McGinnis, T. W.; Emslie, S. D. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| Date Other: | Mon, 1 Jan 2001 00:00 -0600 |
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