| Abstract: | Toads of the genus Bufo co-occur with true frogs (family Ranidae) throughout their North American ranges. Yet, Bufo are rarely reported as prey for ranid frogs, perhaps due to dermal toxins that afford them protection from some predators. We report field observations from four different localities demonstrating that Oregon spotted frogs (Rana pretiosa) readily consume juvenile western toads (Bufo boreas) at breeding sites in Oregon. Unpalatability thought to deter predators of selected taxa and feeding mode may not protect juvenile stages of western toads from adult Oregon spotted frogs. Activity of juvenile western toads can elicit ambush behavior by Oregon spotted frog adults. Our review of published literature suggests that regular consumption of toadlets sets Oregon spotted frogs apart from most North American ranid frogs. Importance of the trophic context of juvenile western toads as a seasonally important resource to Oregon spotted frogs needs critical investigation. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 1016157 |
| Citation Author: | Pearl, Christopher A.; Hayes, M. P. |
| Citation Contributing Office: | Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center |
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| Citation End Page: | 152 |
| Citation Issue: | 1 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | American Midland Naturalist |
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| Citation Month: | JAN |
| Citation No Pagination: | |
| Citation Number Of Pages: | 8 |
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| Citation Phsyical Description: | p. 145-152 |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Predation by Oregon spotted frogs (Rana pretiosa) on Western toads (Bufo boreas) in Oregon, USA; 2002; Article; Journal; American Midland Naturalist; Pearl, Christopher A.; Hayes, M. P. |
| Citation Start Page: | 145 |
| Citation Volume: | 147 |
| Citation Year: | 2002 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Predation by Oregon spotted frogs (Rana pretiosa) on Western toads (Bufo boreas) in Oregon, USA; 2002; Article; Journal; American Midland Naturalist; Pearl, Christopher A.; Hayes, M. P. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| Date Other: | Tue, 1 Jan 2002 00:00 -0600 |
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