| Abstract: | Counts on photographs and visual estimates of the numbers of territorial gulls are usually reliable indicators of the number of gull nests, but single visual estimates are not adequate to measure the number of nests in individual colonies. To properly interpret gull counts requires that several islands with known numbers of nests be photographed to establish the ratio of gulls to nests applicable for a given local census. Visual estimates are adequate to determine total breeding gull numbers by regions. Neither visual estimates nor photography will reliably detect annual changes of less than about 2.5 percent. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 1017426 |
| Citation Author: | Gilmer, D. S. |
| Citation Contributing Office: | Western Ecological Research Center |
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| Citation Issue: | July/August |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | People, Land, and Water |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 27 |
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| Citation Phsyical Description: | p. 27 |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Pepperweed: a growing threat to western wildlife habitat; 2000; Article; Journal; People, Land, and Water; Gilmer, D. S. |
| Citation Start Page: | 27 |
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| Citation Year: | 2000 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Pepperweed: a growing threat to western wildlife habitat; 2000; Article; Journal; People, Land, and Water; Gilmer, D. S. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| Date Other: | Sat, 1 Jan 2000 00:00 -0600 |
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