| Abstract: | Artificially incubated mallard eggs were treated externally with 5 microliter of No. 2 fuel oil or 5 microliter of Southern Louisiana crude oil at various times during the incubation period. Embryos were most sensitive to petroleum during the first 10 days of incubation. Southern Louisiana crude oil was more toxic to mallard embryos than No. 2 fuel oil. Hatching weights of ducklings from treated eggs were usually not different from hatching weights of control ducklings. Petroleum may cause bill abnormalities among embryos exposed to a lethal amount of oil early in incubation, but few external malformations of any kind were observed among survivors of the oil exposure. The breeding effort of colonial aquatic birds would be in the greatest danger from oil contamination when a large portion of the birds are in the early stages of incubation. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 5221449 |
| Citation Author: | Albers, P.H. |
| Citation Contributing Office: | Patuxent Wildlife Research Center |
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| Citation End Page: | 630 |
| Citation Issue: | 5 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 7 |
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| Citation Phsyical Description: | 624-630 |
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| Citation Public Comments: | 2009_Albers.pdf |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | The effects of petroleum on different stages of incubation in bird eggs; 1978; Article; Journal; Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology; Albers, P.H. |
| Citation Start Page: | 624 |
| Citation Volume: | 19 |
| Citation Year: | 1978 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | The effects of petroleum on different stages of incubation in bird eggs; 1978; Article; Journal; Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology; Albers, P.H. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| URL (DOCUMENT): | http://www.springerlink.com/content/k57807p437k3p8m5/?p=d6e61989f11f4c799fe70937463cec48&pi=90 |
| Date Other: | Wed, 16 Jun 2010 12:19 -0500 |
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