| Abstract: | The effects on freshwater wildlife of chronic exposure to oil field discharges are not well known. Collections of wastewater, aquatic invertebrates, fish, salamanders, and small mammals were made in several streams in the oil fields of western Pennsylvania during 1980-81. Estimates of the petroleum content of two wastewater discharges were high (21.9 and 8.4 ppm) and one was low (0.3 ppm). Water conductivity was inversely related to aquatic invertebrate biomass. Hydrocarbons accumulated in significantly greater amounts in crayfish, fish, and small mammals from collection sites with oil extraction activity than from sites without oil extraction activity. Estimates of total petroleum in invertebrates, trout, and suckers averaged between 200 and 280 ppm for oil extraction sites and between 8 and 80 ppm for sites without oil extraction activity: Oil extraction activity did not affect metal accumulation by fish. Oil and wastewater discharges in oil fields disrupt community composition and can cause an overall reduction in stream productivity. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 5222077 |
| Citation Author: | Albers, P.H.; Belisle, A.A.; Swineford, D.M.; Hall, R.J. |
| Citation Contributing Office: | Patuxent Wildlife Research Center |
| Citation Datum: | |
| Citation Day: | |
| Citation Edition: | |
| Citation Editor: | |
| Citation End Page: | 280 |
| Citation Issue: | 4 |
| Citation Keywords: | |
| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Oil and Petrochemical Pollution |
| Citation LatN: | |
| Citation LatS: | |
| Citation LonE: | |
| Citation LonW: | |
| Citation Month: | |
| Citation No Pagination: | |
| Citation Number Of Pages: | 16 |
| Citation Online Only Flag: | |
| Citation Phsyical Description: | 265-280 |
| Citation Projection: | |
| Citation Public Comments: | |
| Citation Publisher: | Elsevier |
| Citation Series: | |
| Citation Series Code: | |
| Citation Series Number: | |
| Citation Search Results Text: | Environmental contamination in the oil fields of western Pennsylvania; 1985; Article; Journal; Oil and Petrochemical Pollution; Albers, P.H.; Belisle, A.A.; Swineford, D.M.; Hall, R.J. |
| Citation Start Page: | 265 |
| Citation Volume: | 2 |
| Citation Year: | 1985 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Environmental contamination in the oil fields of western Pennsylvania; 1985; Article; Journal; Oil and Petrochemical Pollution; Albers, P.H.; Belisle, A.A.; Swineford, D.M.; Hall, R.J. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| URL (DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER): | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0143-7127(85)90247-9 |
| Date Other: | Wed, 16 Jun 2010 00:00 -0500 |
| Publisher: | Elsevier |
