| Abstract: | The shiny cowbird (M. bonariensis), a brood parasite, has recently expanded its range from South America to Puerto Rico via the Lesser Antilles. This species is a host generalist and, on reaching Puerto Rico, encounteed avian species with no history of social parasitism. In mangrove habitat study areas, 42% of the resident non-raptorial land bird species were parasitized. Some species were heavily parasitized; e.g., yellow warbler (Dendroica petechia), 76% of nests parasitized black-whiskered vireo (Vireo altiloquus), 82%, Puerto Rican flycatcher (Myiarchus antillarum), 85%, yellow-shouldered blackbird (Agelaius xanthomus), 95%, troupial (Icterus icterus), 100%, black-cowled oriole (I. dominicensis), 100%. Others suffered low rates of parasitism (2-17% of nests examined); e.g., gray kingbird (Tyrannus dominicensis), red-legged thrush (Turdus plumbeus), bronze mannikin (Lonchura cucullata), northern mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos), greater antillean grackle (Quiscalus niger). Cowbird parasitism affected hosts by depressing nest success an average of 41% below non-parasitized nests and reducing host productivity. Parasitized host nests hatched 12% fewer eggs an fledged 67% fewer of their own chicks than non-parasitized pairs. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 5222085 |
| Citation Author: | Wiley, J.W. |
| Citation Contributing Office: | Patuxent Wildlife Research Center |
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| Citation End Page: | 176 |
| Citation Issue: | 2 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Condor |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 12 |
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| Citation Phsyical Description: | 165-176 |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Shiny cowbird parasitism in two avian communities in Puerto Rico; 1985; Article; Journal; Condor; Wiley, J.W. |
| Citation Start Page: | 165 |
| Citation Volume: | 87 |
| Citation Year: | 1985 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Shiny cowbird parasitism in two avian communities in Puerto Rico; 1985; Article; Journal; Condor; Wiley, J.W. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| URL (DOCUMENT): | http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Condor/files/issues/v087n02/p0165-p0176.pdf |
| Date Other: | Wed, 16 Jun 2010 12:18 -0500 |
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