| Abstract: | As part of an effort to understand extensive, white phosphorus (P4)-induced waterfowl mortality at Eagle River Flats, Fort Richardson, Alaska, we conducted a number of acute toxicity tests using penned mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) in 1993 and 1994. The 24-hr median lethal dose (LD50) for P4 dissolved in oil was 6.46 mg/kg in adult males and 6.96 mg/kg in adult females. Although the median lethal doses were not statistically different, the female dose-response curve had a statistically shallower slope than that of males. The LD50 for the ecologically more relevant pelletized form of P4 in adult males was 4.05 mg/kg. In mallards, one mechanism of P4 toxicity caused rapid (3 to 10 hr) mortality and had signs consistent with anoxia. A second, slower acting mechanism resulted in hepatic and renal pathology including extensive fat deposition in the liver and cellular necrosis. White phosphorus accumulated in adipose tissues, but only for a few days. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 5223297 |
| Citation Author: | Sparling, D.W.; Gustafson, M.; Klein, P.; Karouna-Renier, N. |
| Citation Contributing Office: | Patuxent Wildlife Research Center |
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| Citation End Page: | 197 |
| Citation Issue: | 2 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Journal of Wildlife Diseases |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 11 |
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| Citation Phsyical Description: | 187-197 |
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| Citation Public Comments: | 5149_Sparling.pdf |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Toxicity of white phosphorus to waterfowl: acute exposure in mallards; 1997; Article; Journal; Journal of Wildlife Diseases; Sparling, D.W.; Gustafson, M.; Klein, P.; Karouna-Renier, N. |
| Citation Start Page: | 187 |
| Citation Volume: | 33 |
| Citation Year: | 1997 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Toxicity of white phosphorus to waterfowl: acute exposure in mallards; 1997; Article; Journal; Journal of Wildlife Diseases; Sparling, D.W.; Gustafson, M.; Klein, P.; Karouna-Renier, N. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| URL (DOCUMENT): | http://www.jwildlifedis.org/cgi/reprint/33/2/187 |
| Date Other: | Wed, 16 Jun 2010 12:18 -0500 |
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