| Abstract: | Effects of a single dietary exposure to fenthion and carbofuran on the survival, feeding behavior and brain ChE activity of eastern screech-owls, Otus asio and American kestrels, Falco sparverius, were evaluated. Birds were exposed to fenthion (23.6189.0 ppm) or carbofuran (31.7253.6 ppm) via meatballs. Carbofuran-exposed owls ate either <=10% or >= 80% of the meatball whereas all kestrels ate <= 10% of the meatball before exhibiting acute signs of toxicity. Fenthion-exposed owls and kestrels displayed a wide spectrum of meatball consumption (<10100%). Significant brain ChE inhibition was observed in dead and surviving kestrels exposed to fenthion and carbofuran and dead owls exposed to fenthion (P < 0.0001). Brain ChE activity of owls exposed to carbofuran that survived was not different from that of controls (P = 0.25). Data suggest: (1) slow feeding on a carbamate-contaminated item may provide limited protection from the toxicity of the chemical at certain rates of exposure; (2) the degree of ChE inhibition at neuromuscular junctions may be critical in determining the sensitivity of a species to a carbamate insecticide; (3) sensitivity may be a function of the ChE affinity for the carbamate inhibitor; and (4) the importance of neuromuscular junction ChE depression in determining the sensitivity of an animal may be species-specific. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 5223935 |
| Citation Author: | Vyas, N.B.; Thiele, L.A.; Garland, S.C. |
| Citation Contributing Office: | Patuxent Wildlife Research Center |
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| Citation End Page: | 157 |
| Citation Issue: | 1 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, C |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 7 |
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| Citation Phsyical Description: | 151-157 |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Possible mechanisms for sensitivity to organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides in eastern screech-owls and American kestrels; 1998; Article; Journal; Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, C; Vyas, N.B.; Thiele, L.A.; Garland, S.C. |
| Citation Start Page: | 151 |
| Citation Volume: | 120 |
| Citation Year: | 1998 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Possible mechanisms for sensitivity to organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides in eastern screech-owls and American kestrels; 1998; Article; Journal; Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, C; Vyas, N.B.; Thiele, L.A.; Garland, S.C. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| URL (DOCUMENT): | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0742-8413(98)00036-X |
| Date Other: | Wed, 16 Jun 2010 12:18 -0500 |
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