| Abstract: | The anesthetic benzocaine was tested for efficacy and safety for spawning-phase chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) at federal fish hatcheries. Tests were conducted in the existing hatchery water supplies (soft water; temperatures, 10–13 °C. Crystalline benzocaine was dissolved in ethanol (1 g/30 mL), and aliquots of that stock solution were added to the water in test tanks. Benzocaine concentrations of 25–30 mg/L anesthetized most fish in less than 3.5 min, and most fish recovered in less than 10 min after 15 min of exposure. Safety margins were narrow; both species tolerated 30 mg/L for about 20 min, but 25 min of exposure caused deaths. For 15 min exposures, concentrations of 35 mg/L for chinook salmon and 40 mg/L for Atlantic salmon were lethal. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 70006860 |
| Citation Author: | Gilderhus, P. A. |
| Citation Contributing Office: | Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center |
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| Citation End Page: | 191 |
| Citation Issue: | 3 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Progressive Fish-Culturist |
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| Citation No Pagination: | |
| Citation Number Of Pages: | 3 |
| Citation Online Only Flag: | |
| Citation Phsyical Description: | 3 p. |
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| Citation Public Comments: | Abstract has subscript/superscript to be fixed |
| Citation Publisher: | Taylor & Francis |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Benzocaine as a fish anesthetic: efficacy and safety for spawning-phase salmon; 1990; Article; Journal; Progressive Fish-Culturist; Gilderhus, P. A. |
| Citation Start Page: | 189 |
| Citation Volume: | 52 |
| Citation Year: | 1990 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Benzocaine as a fish anesthetic: efficacy and safety for spawning-phase salmon; 1990; Article; Journal; Progressive Fish-Culturist; Gilderhus, P. A. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| URL (DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER): | http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1990)052<0189:BAAFAE>2.3.CO;2 |
| Date Other: | Sun, 1 Jan 2012 12:23 -0600 |
| Publisher: | Taylor & Francis |
