| Abstract: | When mineral solutions of different compositions are mixed, the molalities and activities of individual ions in the mixture are often non-linear functions of their end-member values. This non-linearity is particularly significant in determining mineral saturation levels. Mixtures of saturated solutions may be either undersaturated or supersaturated depending on the end-member compositions and the physical conditions in which end-members and their mixtures exist. In carbonate solutions important non-linear effects occur due to redistribution of carbonate species. In extreme cases this causes mixture pH to be below both the end-member pH values. A simple but precise computer program (WATMIX) has been developed for calculating mixture composition for closed and open system mixing of arbitrary end-members. A number of mixing examples are considered which allow one to isolate three important processes leading to non-linear behaviour: the algebraic effect, the ??PCO2 effect, and the ionic strength effect. ?? 1976. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 70011176 |
| Citation Author: | Wigley, T. M. L.; Plummer, L. N. |
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| Citation End Page: | 995 |
| Citation Issue: | 9 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 7 |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Mixing of carbonate waters; 1976; Article; Journal; Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta; Wigley, T. M. L.; Plummer, L. N. |
| Citation Start Page: | 989 |
| Citation Volume: | 40 |
| Citation Year: | 1976 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Mixing of carbonate waters; 1976; Article; Journal; Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta; Wigley, T. M. L.; Plummer, L. N. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| Date Other: | Thu, 1 Jan 1976 00:00 -0600 |
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