| Abstract: | Circulation and water properties within Columbia Bay, Alaska, are dominated by the effects of Columbia Glacier at the head of the Bay. The basin between the glacier terminus and the terminal moraine (sill depth of about 22 m) responds as an ‘upside down‘ estuary with the subglacial discharge of freshwater entering at the bottom of the basin. The intense vertical mixing caused by the bouyant plume of freshwater creates a homogeneous water mass that exchanges with the far-field water through either a two- or a three-layer flow. In general, the glacier acts as a large heat sink and creates a water mass which is cooler than that in fjords without tidewater glaciers. The predicted retreat of Columbia Glacier would create a 40 km long fjord that has characteristics in common with other fjords in Prince William Sound. ?? 1988. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 70013755 |
| Citation Author: | Walters, R. A.; Josberger, E. G.; Driedger, C. L. |
| Citation Contributing Office: | |
| Citation Datum: | |
| Citation Day: | |
| Citation Edition: | |
| Citation Editor: | |
| Citation End Page: | 617 |
| Citation Issue: | 6 |
| Citation Keywords: | |
| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science |
| Citation LatN: | |
| Citation LatS: | |
| Citation LonE: | |
| Citation LonW: | |
| Citation Month: | |
| Citation No Pagination: | |
| Citation Number Of Pages: | 11 |
| Citation Online Only Flag: | |
| Citation Phsyical Description: | |
| Citation Projection: | |
| Citation Public Comments: | |
| Citation Publisher: | |
| Citation Series: | |
| Citation Series Code: | |
| Citation Series Number: | |
| Citation Search Results Text: | Columbia Bay, Alaska: an ‘upside down‘ estuary; 1988; Article; Journal; Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science; Walters, R. A.; Josberger, E. G.; Driedger, C. L. |
| Citation Start Page: | 607 |
| Citation Volume: | 26 |
| Citation Year: | 1988 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Columbia Bay, Alaska: an ‘upside down‘ estuary; 1988; Article; Journal; Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science; Walters, R. A.; Josberger, E. G.; Driedger, C. L. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| Date Other: | Fri, 1 Jan 1988 00:00 -0600 |
| Publisher: | |
