| Abstract: | Measurement of chloride concentration and water equivalent in precipitation and recharge at a site can be extrapolated to determine available moisture in a nearby basin. This method also may be extrapolated to a basin with similar climatic characteristics if precipitation, vegetation, and topographic data are available. The average accuracy of the total of evaporation, recharge, and runoff (assuming no storage) was about 10% of total precipitation. Soil-moisture measurements indicate the entire 10% error in moisture balance can be attributed to annual changes in storage. Data requirements for the method are considerably less than data requirements for energy-budget methods to determine available moisture. Potential applications of the method to hydrologic problem-solving are: 1. (1) Estimating total available moisture from chloride concentrations in groundwater or surface water or both. 2. (2) Modeling paleoclimate scenarios and evaluating their correctness by comparison with paleo-groundwater chloride concentrations. 3. (3) Providing an independent comparison for water budgets obtained by energy-budget methods. Obviously the method cannot be applied readily to systems with a lithologic source of chloride. Most systems primarily consisting of tuff, intrusive volcanic rock, nonmarine sediments, quartzite, and other metamorphic rocks will be suitable for application of the model. ?? 1986. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 70015068 |
| Citation Author: | Claassen, H. C.; Reddy, M. M.; Halm, D. R. |
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| Citation End Page: | 71 |
| Citation Issue: | 1-2 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Journal of Hydrology |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 23 |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Use of the chloride ion in determining hydrologic-basin water budgets - A 3-year case study in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, U.S.A.; 1986; Article; Journal; Journal of Hydrology; Claassen, H. C.; Reddy, M. M.; Halm, D. R. |
| Citation Start Page: | 49 |
| Citation Volume: | 85 |
| Citation Year: | 1986 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Use of the chloride ion in determining hydrologic-basin water budgets - A 3-year case study in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, U.S.A.; 1986; Article; Journal; Journal of Hydrology; Claassen, H. C.; Reddy, M. M.; Halm, D. R. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| Date Other: | Wed, 1 Jan 1986 00:00 -0600 |
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