| Abstract: | Organic geochemical investigations of peatified and coalified xylem from gymnosperms have provided useful information on the organic transformational processes collectively known as coalification. The combined use of solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (py/gc/ms) has allowed us to examine the organic composition of peatified and coalified xylem on both a bulk (average) compositional basis and on a detailed molecular basis. We conclude from our studies that coalification of gymnospermous xylem involves the following processes: 1. (1) early selective removal of cellulosic materials so that lignin, a primary constituent of xylem, is transformed to macromolecular aromatic components in coal; 2. (2) modification of gymnospermous lignin by demethylation to form catechol-like structures, and by condensation reactions to induce a high level of cross-linking at an early stage of coalification; and 3. (3) dehydroxylation during increasing coalification to subbituminous coal, the resultant xylem becomes more phenolic in character as the catechol-like structures decrease. ?? 1989. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 70015401 |
| Citation Author: | Hatcher, P. G.; Lerch, III, H. E.; Vincent, Verheyen, T. |
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| Citation End Page: | 97 |
| Citation Issue: | 1-4 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | International Journal of Coal Geology |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 33 |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Organic geochemical studies of the transformation of gymnospermous xylem during peatification and coalification to subbituminous coal; 1989; Article; Journal; International Journal of Coal Geology; Hatcher, P. G.; Lerch, III, H. E.; Vincent, Verheyen, T. |
| Citation Start Page: | 65 |
| Citation Volume: | 13 |
| Citation Year: | 1989 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Organic geochemical studies of the transformation of gymnospermous xylem during peatification and coalification to subbituminous coal; 1989; Article; Journal; International Journal of Coal Geology; Hatcher, P. G.; Lerch, III, H. E.; Vincent, Verheyen, T. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| Date Other: | Sun, 1 Jan 1989 00:00 -0600 |
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