| Abstract: | The almost universally accepted operational definition for dissolved constituents is based on processing whole-water samples through a 0.45-??m membrane filter. Results from field and laboratory experiments indicate that a number of factors associated with filtration, other than just pore size (e.g., diameter, manufacturer, volume of sample processed, amount of suspended sediment in the sample), can produce substantial variations in the ‘dissolved‘ concentrations of such elements as Fe, Al, Cu, Zn, Pb, Co, and Ni. These variations result from the inclusion/exclusion of colloidally- associated trace elements. Thus, ‘dissolved‘ concentrations quantitated by analyzing filtrates generated by processing whole-water through similar pore- sized membrane filters may not be equal/comparable. As such, simple filtration through a 0.45-??m membrane filter may no longer represent an acceptable operational definition for dissolved chemical constituents. This conclusion may have important implications for environmental studies and regulatory agencies. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 70018408 |
| Citation Author: | Horowitz, A. J.; Lum, K. R.; Garbarino, J. R.; Hall, G. E. M.; Lemieux, C.; Demas, C. R. |
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| Citation End Page: | 294 |
| Citation Issue: | 1-2 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Water, Air, and Soil Pollution |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 14 |
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| Citation Publisher: | Kluwer Academic Publishers |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | The effect of membrane filtration on dissolved trace element concentrations; 1996; Article; Journal; Water, Air, and Soil Pollution; Horowitz, A. J.; Lum, K. R.; Garbarino, J. R.; Hall, G. E. M.; Lemieux, C.; Demas, C. R. |
| Citation Start Page: | 281 |
| Citation Volume: | 90 |
| Citation Year: | 1996 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | The effect of membrane filtration on dissolved trace element concentrations; 1996; Article; Journal; Water, Air, and Soil Pollution; Horowitz, A. J.; Lum, K. R.; Garbarino, J. R.; Hall, G. E. M.; Lemieux, C.; Demas, C. R. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| URL (DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER): | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619288 |
| Date Other: | Mon, 1 Jan 1996 00:00 -0600 |
| Publisher: | Kluwer Academic Publishers |
