| Abstract: | The vulnerability of a shallow aquifer in south-central Kansas to contamination by atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamines-triazine) was assessed by analyzing unsaturated zone soil and sediment samples from about 60 dryland and irrigated sites using an ultrasensitive immunoassay (detection level of 0.02 ??g/kg) with verification by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Samples were collected at depths of 0 to 1.2 m (i.e., the root zone), 1.2 to 1.8 m, and 1.8 to 3.0 m during two time periods-prior to planting and after harvest of crops. About 75% of the samples contained detectable concentrations of parent atrazine. At the shallow sampling depth, atrazine concentrations ranged from 0.5 to approximately 12 ??g/kg. Atrazine concentrations at the intermediate (1.2-1.8 m) depth generally were <1.0 ??g/kg, with most of the concentrations <0.10 ??g/kg, which suggests substantial degradation of parent atrazine in the root zone. Likewise, atrazine concentrations front the deepest (1.8-3.0 m) depth ranged from <0.02 to 0.33 ??g/kg. The metabolite deethylatrazine (2-amino-4-chloro-6- isopropylamine-s-triazine) was detected by GC/MS only in 2 of 60 samples with concentrations of 1.4 and 1.5 ??g/kg. The reconnaissance survey shows that, in spite of atrazine use ranging from 1 to 5 or more years, there does not appear to he a significant buildup of parent compound below the root zone. Therefore, the unsaturated zone does not appear to be a major storage compartment of atrazine contamination for the underlying shallow aquifer. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 70019839 |
| Citation Author: | Juracek, K. E.; Thurman, E. M. |
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| Citation End Page: | 1089 |
| Citation Issue: | 4 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Journal of Environmental Quality |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 10 |
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| Citation Publisher: | American Soc of Agronomy Inc |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Assessing aquifer contamination risk using immunoassay: Trace analysis of atrazine in unsaturated zone sediments; 1997; Article; Journal; Journal of Environmental Quality; Juracek, K. E.; Thurman, E. M. |
| Citation Start Page: | 1080 |
| Citation Volume: | 26 |
| Citation Year: | 1997 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Assessing aquifer contamination risk using immunoassay: Trace analysis of atrazine in unsaturated zone sediments; 1997; Article; Journal; Journal of Environmental Quality; Juracek, K. E.; Thurman, E. M. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| Date Other: | Wed, 1 Jan 1997 00:00 -0600 |
| Publisher: | American Soc of Agronomy Inc |
