| Abstract: | The thicknesses of fundamental illite particles that compose mixed-layer illite-smectite (I-S) crystals can be measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak broadening techniques (Bertaut-Warren-Averbach [BWA] method and integral peak-width method) if the effects of swellinf and XRD background noise are eliminated from XRD patterns of the clays. Swelling is eliminated by intercalating Na-saturated I-S with polyvinylpyrrolidone having a molecular weightof 10,000 (PVP-10). Background is minimized by using polished metallic silicon wafers cut perpendicular to (100) as a substrate for XRD specimens, and by using a single-crystal monochromator. XRD measurements of PVP-intercalated diagenetic, hydro-thermal and low-grade metamorphic I-S indicate that there at least 2 type of crystallite thickness distribution shapes for illite fundamental particles, lognormal and asymptotic; that measurements of mean fundamental illite particle thicknesses made by various techniques (Bertaut-Warren-Averbach, integral peak width, fixed cation content, and transmission electron microscopy [TEM]) give comparable results; and that strain (small difference in layer thicknesses) generally has a Gaussian distribution in the lognormal-type illites, but is often absent in the asymptotic-type illites. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 70020363 |
| Citation Author: | Eberl, D. D.; Nuesch, R.; Sucha, V.; Tsipursky, S. |
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| Citation End Page: | 97 |
| Citation Issue: | 1 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Clays and Clay Minerals |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 9 |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Measurement of fundamental illite particle thicknesses by X-ray diffraction using PVP-10 intercalation; 1998; Article; Journal; Clays and Clay Minerals; Eberl, D. D.; Nuesch, R.; Sucha, V.; Tsipursky, S. |
| Citation Start Page: | 89 |
| Citation Volume: | 46 |
| Citation Year: | 1998 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Measurement of fundamental illite particle thicknesses by X-ray diffraction using PVP-10 intercalation; 1998; Article; Journal; Clays and Clay Minerals; Eberl, D. D.; Nuesch, R.; Sucha, V.; Tsipursky, S. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| Date Other: | Thu, 1 Jan 1998 00:00 -0600 |
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