Looking to the Future: Non-contact Methods for Measuring Streamflow
By: J. E. Costa, R. T. Cheng, F. P. Haeni, N.B. Melcher, K.R. Spicer, J. Plant, W.C. Keller, and K. Hayes
Edited by: T. L. Wahl, C. A. Pugh, K. A. Oberg, and T.B. Vermeyen
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Abstract
We have conducted a series of proof-of-concept experiments to demonstrate whether it is possible to make completely non-contact open-channel discharge measurements. After an extensive evaluation of potential technologies, we concluded a combination of high-frequency (microwave) radar (for measuring surface velocity) and low-frequency radar (ground-penetrating radar) for measuring channel cross-section, had the best chance for success. The first experiment in 1999 on the Skagit River, Washington, using non-contact methods, produced a discharge value nearly exactly the same as from an ADCP and current meter. Surface-velocity data were converted to mean velocity based on measurements of the velocity profile (multiplied by 0.85), and radar signal speed in impure fresh water was measured to be 0.11-0.12 ft/ns. The weak link was thought to be the requirement to suspend the GPR antenna over the water, which required a bridge or cableway. Two contractors, expert with radar, were unsuccessful in field experiments to measure channel cross-section from the riverbank. Another series of experiments were designed to demonstrate whether both radar systems could be mounted on a helicopter, flown back and forth across a river, and provide data to compute flow. In Sept. 2000 and May 2001, a series of helicopter flights with mounted radar systems successfully measured surface velocity and channel cross-section of the Cowlitz River, Washington.
| Publication type | Conference Paper |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Conference Paper |
| Title | Looking to the Future: Non-contact Methods for Measuring Streamflow |
| ISBN | 0784406553 |
| Year Published | 2002 |
| Language | English |
| Larger Work Title | Hydraulic Measurements and Experimental Methods |
| First page | 1 |
| Last page | 9 |
| Conference Title | Hydraulic Measurements and Experimental Methods 2002 |
| Conference Location | Estes Park, CO |
| Conference Date | 28 July 2002 through 1 August 2002 |
| Google Analytic Metrics | Metrics page |