| Abstract: | On January 29 30, 1997, prolonged steady-state effusion of lava from Pu‘u‘O‘o was briefly disrupted by shallow extension beneath Napau Crater, 1 4 km uprift of the active Kilauea vent. A 23-h-long eruption (episode 54) ensued from fissures that were overlapping or en echelon with eruptive fissures formed during episode 1 in 1983 and those of earlier rift zone eruptions in 1963 and 1968. Combined geophysical and petrologic data for the 1994 1999 eruptive interval, including episode 54, reveal a variety of shallow magmatic conditions that persist in association with prolonged rift zone eruption. Near-vent lava samples document a significant range in composition, temperature and crystallinity of pre-eruptive magma. As supported by phenocryst liquid relations and Kilauea mineral thermometers established herein, the rift zone extension that led to episode 54 resulted in mixture of near-cotectic magma with discrete magma bodies cooled to ???1100??C. Mixing models indicate that magmas isolated beneath Napau Crater since 1963 and 1968 constituted 32 65% of the hybrid mixtures erupted during episode 54. Geophysical measurements support passive displacement of open-system magma along the active east rift conduit into closed-system rift-reservoirs along a shallow zone of extension. Geophysical and petrologic data for early episode 55 document the gradual flushing of episode 54 related magma during magmatic recharge of the edifice. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 70025197 |
| Citation Author: | Thornber, C. R.; Heliker, C.; Sherrod, D. R.; Kauahikaua, J. P.; Miklius, A.; Okubo, P. G.; Trusdell, F. A.; Budahn, J. R.; Ridley, W. I.; Meeker, G. P. |
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| Citation End Page: | 1559 |
| Citation Issue: | 9 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Journal of Petrology |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 35 |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Kilauea east rift zone magmatism: An episode 54 perspective; 2003; Article; Journal; Journal of Petrology; Thornber, C. R.; Heliker, C.; Sherrod, D. R.; Kauahikaua, J. P.; Miklius, A.; Okubo, P. G.; Trusdell, F. A.; Budahn, J. R.; Ridley, W. I.; Meeker, G. P. |
| Citation Start Page: | 1525 |
| Citation Volume: | 44 |
| Citation Year: | 2003 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Kilauea east rift zone magmatism: An episode 54 perspective; 2003; Article; Journal; Journal of Petrology; Thornber, C. R.; Heliker, C.; Sherrod, D. R.; Kauahikaua, J. P.; Miklius, A.; Okubo, P. G.; Trusdell, F. A.; Budahn, J. R.; Ridley, W. I.; Meeker, G. P. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| Date Other: | Wed, 1 Jan 2003 00:00 -0600 |
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