| Abstract: | Urine-marking and ground-scratching were observed in an Arctic Wolf (Canis lupus) pack on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada, during 16 summers between 1986 and 2005. All previously known urination postures and ground-scratching by breeding males and females were seen, and incidence of marking and scratching was greatest when non-pack wolves were present. Observations of urine-marking of food remains supported the conclusion from a captive Wolf study that such marking signals lack of edible food. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 70028519 |
| Citation Author: | Mech, L. D. |
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| Citation End Page: | 470 |
| Citation Issue: | 4 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Canadian Field-Naturalist |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 5 |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Urine-marking and ground-scratching by free-ranging Arctic Wolves, Canis lupus arctos, in summer; 2006; Article; Journal; Canadian Field-Naturalist; Mech, L. D. |
| Citation Start Page: | 466 |
| Citation Volume: | 120 |
| Citation Year: | 2006 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Urine-marking and ground-scratching by free-ranging Arctic Wolves, Canis lupus arctos, in summer; 2006; Article; Journal; Canadian Field-Naturalist; Mech, L. D. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| Date Other: | Sun, 1 Jan 2006 00:00 -0600 |
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