| Abstract: | Effusion rate is a primary measurement used to judge the expected advance rate, length, and hazard potential of lava flows. At basaltic volcanoes, the rapid draining of lava stored in rootless shields and perched ponds can produce lava flows with much higher local effusion rates and advance velocities than would be expected based on the effusion rate at the vent. For several months in 2007–2008, lava stored in a series of perched ponds and rootless shields on Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, was released episodically to produce fast-moving ‘a‘ā lava flows. Several of these lava flows approached Royal Gardens subdivision and threatened the safety of remaining residents. Using time-lapse image measurements, we show that the initial time-averaged discharge rate for one collapse-triggered lava flow was approximately eight times greater than the effusion rate at the vent. Though short-lived, the collapse-triggered ‘a‘ā lava flows had average advance rates approximately 45 times greater than that of the pāhoehoe flow field from which they were sourced. The high advance rates of the collapse-triggered lava flows demonstrates that recognition of lava accumulating in ponds and shields, which may be stored in a cryptic manner, is vital for accurately assessing short-term hazards at basaltic volcanoes. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 70032448 |
| Citation Author: | Patrick, Matthew R.; Orr, Tim R. |
| Citation Contributing Office: | Hawaiian Volcano Observatory |
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| Citation End Page: | 78 |
| Citation Issue: | 1 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Bulletin of Volcanology |
| Citation LatN: | 19.550464 |
| Citation LatS: | 19.056854 |
| Citation LonE: | -155.016307 |
| Citation LonW: | -155.798371 |
| Citation Month: | 1 |
| Citation No Pagination: | |
| Citation Number Of Pages: | 12 |
| Citation Online Only Flag: | |
| Citation Phsyical Description: | 12 p. |
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| Citation Public Comments: | |
| Citation Publisher: | Springer |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Rootless shield and perched lava pond collapses at K??lauea Volcano, Hawai‘i; 2012; Article; Journal; Bulletin of Volcanology; Patrick, Matthew R.; Orr, Tim R. |
| Citation Start Page: | 67 |
| Citation Volume: | 74 |
| Citation Year: | 2012 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Rootless shield and perched lava pond collapses at K??lauea Volcano, Hawai‘i; 2012; Article; Journal; Bulletin of Volcanology; Patrick, Matthew R.; Orr, Tim R. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| URL (DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER): | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-011-0505-9 |
| Date Other: | Sun, 1 Jan 2012 00:00 -0600 |
| Publisher: | Springer |
