| Abstract: | This paper illustrates the advantages of a multilevel/hierarchical approach for predictive modeling, including flexibility of model formulation, explicitly accounting for hierarchical structure in the data, and the ability to predict the outcome of new cases. As a generalization of the classical approach, the multilevel modeling approach explicitly models the hierarchical structure in the data by considering both the within- and between-group variances leading to a partial pooling of data across all levels in the hierarchy. The modeling framework provides means for incorporating variables at different spatiotemporal scales. The examples used in this paper illustrate the iterative process of model fitting and evaluation, a process that can lead to improved understanding of the system being studied. ?? 2010 by the Ecological Society of America. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 70033802 |
| Citation Author: | Qian, S. S.; Cuffney, T. F.; Alameddine, I.; Mcmahon, G.; Reckhow, K. H. |
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| Citation End Page: | 361 |
| Citation Issue: | 2 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Ecology |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 7 |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | On the application of multilevel modeling in environmental and ecological studies; 2010; Article; Journal; Ecology; Qian, S. S.; Cuffney, T. F.; Alameddine, I.; Mcmahon, G.; Reckhow, K. H. |
| Citation Start Page: | 355 |
| Citation Volume: | 91 |
| Citation Year: | 2010 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | On the application of multilevel modeling in environmental and ecological studies; 2010; Article; Journal; Ecology; Qian, S. S.; Cuffney, T. F.; Alameddine, I.; Mcmahon, G.; Reckhow, K. H. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| URL (DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER): | http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/09-1043.1 |
| Date Other: | Fri, 1 Jan 2010 00:00 -0600 |
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