Cyanotoxin mixtures and taste-and-odor compounds in cyanobacterial blooms from the midwestern united states

Graham, J. L.; Loftin, K. A.; Meyer, M. T.; Ziegler, A. C.

Abstract:

The mixtures of toxins and taste-and-odor compounds present during cyanobacterial blooms are not well characterized and of particular concern when evaluating potential human health risks. Cyanobacterial blooms were sampled in twenty-three Midwestern United States lakes and analyzed for community composition, thirteen cyanotoxins by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and immunoassay, and two taste-and-odor compounds by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Aphanizomenon, Cylindrospermopsis and/or Microcystis were dominant in most (96%) blooms, but community composition was not strongly correlated with toxin and taste-and-odor occurrence. Microcystins occurred in all blooms. Total microcystin concentrations measured by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and immunoassay were linearly related (rs = 0.76, p < 0.01) and LC/MS/MS concentrations were lower than or similar to ELISA in most (85%) samples. Geosmin (87%), 2-methylisoborneol (39%), anatoxin-a (30%), saxitoxins (17%), cylindrospermopsins (9%), and nodularin-R (9%) also were present in these blooms. Multiple classes of cyanotoxins occurred in 48% of blooms and 95% had multiple microcystin variants. Toxins and taste-and-odor compounds frequently co-occurred (91% of blooms), indicating odor may serve as a warning that cyanotoxins likely are present. However, toxins occurred more frequently than taste-and-odor compounds, so odor alone does not provide sufficient warning to ensure human-health protection. ?? This article not subject to U.S. Copyright. Published 2010 by the American Chemical Society.

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Article

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70036455

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Graham, J. L.; Loftin, K. A.; Meyer, M. T.; Ziegler, A. C.

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7368

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English

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Environmental Science and Technology

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Cyanotoxin mixtures and taste-and-odor compounds in cyanobacterial blooms from the midwestern united states; 2010; Article; Journal; Environmental Science and Technology; Graham, J. L.; Loftin, K. A.; Meyer, M. T.; Ziegler, A. C.