Cyanotoxin mixtures and taste-and-odor compounds in cyanobacterial blooms from the midwestern united states
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Abstract
The mixtures of toxins and taste-and-odor compounds present during cyanobacterial blooms are not well characterized and of particular concern when evaluating potential human health risks. Cyanobacterial blooms were sampled in twenty-three Midwestern United States lakes and analyzed for community composition, thirteen cyanotoxins by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and immunoassay, and two taste-and-odor compounds by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Aphanizomenon, Cylindrospermopsis and/or Microcystis were dominant in most (96%) blooms, but community composition was not strongly correlated with toxin and taste-and-odor occurrence. Microcystins occurred in all blooms. Total microcystin concentrations measured by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and immunoassay were linearly related (rs = 0.76, p < 0.01) and LC/MS/MS concentrations were lower than or similar to ELISA in most (85%) samples. Geosmin (87%), 2-methylisoborneol (39%), anatoxin-a (30%), saxitoxins (17%), cylindrospermopsins (9%), and nodularin-R (9%) also were present in these blooms. Multiple classes of cyanotoxins occurred in 48% of blooms and 95% had multiple microcystin variants. Toxins and taste-and-odor compounds frequently co-occurred (91% of blooms), indicating odor may serve as a warning that cyanotoxins likely are present. However, toxins occurred more frequently than taste-and-odor compounds, so odor alone does not provide sufficient warning to ensure human-health protection.
Publication type | Article |
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Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
Title | Cyanotoxin mixtures and taste-and-odor compounds in cyanobacterial blooms from the midwestern united states |
Series title | Environmental Science & Technology |
DOI | 10.1021/es1008938 |
Volume | 44 |
Issue | 19 |
Year Published | 2010 |
Language | English |
Publisher | American Chemical Society |
Contributing office(s) | Toxic Substances Hydrology Program |
Description | 8 p. |
Larger Work Type | Article |
Larger Work Subtype | Journal Article |
Larger Work Title | Environmental Science and Technology |
First page | 7361 |
Last page | 7368 |
Country | United States |
Google Analytic Metrics | Metrics page |