| Abstract: | Fluid catalytic cracking in an oil refinery uses a catalyst, such as an alumino-silicate zeolite, in the conversion of heavy hydrocarbons to light hydrocarbons. A small fraction of the catalyst is continually replaced with fresh catalyst to maintain activity. In North America, more than 400 tons of spent alumino-silicate equilibrium catalyst (spent e-cat), and worldwide, more than 1,100 tons, are generated daily, most of which is disposed of in landfills (municipal and on-site facilities). In this study, three spent e-cat samples were tested in a value-added application that would utilize this waste in the manufacturing of fired bricks. The results of this study indicate that spent e-cat is a technically feasible raw material substitute for the clay and shale commonly used in fired brick production. Fired bricks produced with up to 30 wt% of spent e-cat showed good physical appearance and their water absorption properties met the ASTM C 62 specifications for building bricks of either the moderate-or severe-weathering grade. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 70037163 |
| Citation Author: | Chou, M. -L.; Chen, L. -M.; Lai, Y. -C.; Chou, S. -F. |
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| Citation End Page: | 208 |
| Citation Issue: | 4 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management |
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| Citation Number Of Pages: | 9 |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Making fired bricks with spent equilibrium catalyst-a technical feasibility study; 2009; Article; Journal; Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management; Chou, M. -L.; Chen, L. -M.; Lai, Y. -C.; Chou, S. -F. |
| Citation Start Page: | 200 |
| Citation Volume: | 35 |
| Citation Year: | 2009 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Making fired bricks with spent equilibrium catalyst-a technical feasibility study; 2009; Article; Journal; Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management; Chou, M. -L.; Chen, L. -M.; Lai, Y. -C.; Chou, S. -F. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| Date Other: | Thu, 1 Jan 2009 00:00 -0600 |
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