| Abstract: | Deicers such as sodium chloride and calcium chloride are used to treat snow and ice on road surfaces and have been identified as potential stressors on aquatic life. Hinkson Creek is an urban stream on the Missouri 303(d) list of impaired waters and is classified as impaired due to urban non-point source pollution. A 7-day toxicity test using Ceriodaphnia dubia was conducted to assess the toxicity of stream water during snowmelt at seven sites within the Hinkson Creek watershed. Chloride concentrations at two sites (Site 6, 1252 mg Cl/L; Site 4, 301 mg Cl/L) exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency chronic criterion (230 mg Cl/L). Survival (30 %) and total reproduction (6.9 young/adult) of C. dubia at Site 6 was significantly lower than survival (100 %) and total reproduction (30.4 young/adult) at Site 1 (reference site). Results indicate that chloride concentrations are elevated above water-quality criteria and that chloride may be a significant chemical stressor for macroinvertebrate communities during winter low-flow conditions in the Hinkson Creek watershed. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 70039018 |
| Citation Author: | Allert, Ann L.; Cole-Neal, Cavelle L.; Fairchild, James F. |
| Citation Contributing Office: | Columbia Environmental Research Center |
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| Citation End Page: | 301 |
| Citation Issue: | 2 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology |
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| Citation Phsyical Description: | 6 p. |
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| Citation Publisher: | Springer |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Toxicity of chloride under winter low-flow conditions in an urban watershed in central Missouri, USA; 2012; Article; Journal; Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology; Allert, Ann L.; Cole-Neal, Cavelle L.; Fairchild, James F. |
| Citation Start Page: | 296 |
| Citation Volume: | 89 |
| Citation Year: | 2012 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Toxicity of chloride under winter low-flow conditions in an urban watershed in central Missouri, USA; 2012; Article; Journal; Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology; Allert, Ann L.; Cole-Neal, Cavelle L.; Fairchild, James F. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| URL (DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER): | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0673-0 |
| Date Other: | Fri, 13 Jul 2012 00:00 -0500 |
| Publisher: | Springer |
