| Abstract: | Recently there has been considerable concern about declines in bee communities in agricultural and natural habitats. The value of pollination to agriculture, provided primarily by bees, is >$200 billion/year worldwide, and in natural ecosystems it is thought to be even greater. However, no monitoring program exists to accurately detect declines in abundance of insect pollinators; thus, it is difficult to quantify the status of bee communities or estimate the extent of declines. We used data from 11 multiyear studies of bee communities to devise a program to monitor pollinators at regional, national, or international scales. In these studies, 7 different methods for sampling bees were used and bees were sampled on 3 different continents. We estimated that a monitoring program with 200-250 sampling locations each sampled twice over 5 years would provide sufficient power to detect small (2-5%) annual declines in the number of species and in total abundance and would cost U.S.$2,000,000. To detect declines as small as 1% annually over the same period would require >300 sampling locations. Given the role of pollinators in food security and ecosystem function, we recommend establishment of integrated regional and international monitoring programs to detect changes in pollinator communities. |
| Genre: | Article |
| ProdID: | 70042968 |
| Citation Author: | Lubuhn, Gretchen; Droege, Sam; Connor, Edward F.; Gemmill-Herren, Barbara; Potts, Simon G.; Minckley, Robert L.; Griswold, Terry; Jean, Robert; Kula, Emanuel; Roubik, David W.; Cane, Jim; Wright, Karen W.; Frankie, Gordon; Parker, Frank |
| Citation Contributing Office: | Patuxent Wildlife Research Center |
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| Citation End Page: | 120 |
| Citation Issue: | 1 |
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| Citation Language: | English |
| Citation Larger Work Title: | Conservation Biology |
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| Citation Month: | 2 |
| Citation No Pagination: | |
| Citation Number Of Pages: | 8 |
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| Citation Phsyical Description: | 8 p. |
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| Citation Publisher: | Wiley |
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| Citation Search Results Text: | Detecting insect pollinator declines on regional and global scales; 2013; Article; Journal; Conservation Biology; Lubuhn, Gretchen; Droege, Sam; Connor, Edward F.; Gemmill-Herren, Barbara; Potts, Simon G.; Minckley, Robert L.; Griswold, Terry; Jean, Robert; Kula, Emanuel; Roubik, David W.; Cane, Jim; Wright, Karen W.; Frankie, Gordon; Parker, Frank |
| Citation Start Page: | 113 |
| Citation Volume: | 27 |
| Citation Year: | 2013 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Detecting insect pollinator declines on regional and global scales; 2013; Article; Journal; Conservation Biology; Lubuhn, Gretchen; Droege, Sam; Connor, Edward F.; Gemmill-Herren, Barbara; Potts, Simon G.; Minckley, Robert L.; Griswold, Terry; Jean, Robert; Kula, Emanuel; Roubik, David W.; Cane, Jim; Wright, Karen W.; Frankie, Gordon; Parker, Frank |
| URL (DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER): | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2012.01962.x |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg |
| Date Other: | Mon, 28 Jan 2013 00:00 -0600 |
| Publisher: | Wiley |
