| Abstract: | A digital computer model was used to predict alternatives for future waste loadings on Little Lick and Big Lick Creeks, Blackford and Delaware Counties, IN, that would be compatible with Indiana stream water-quality standards defined for two critical hydrologic conditions, summer and winter low flows. The model parameters included atmospheric reaeration, carbonaceous and nitrogenous biochemical-oxygen demand, and benthic-oxygen demand. The model was calibrated with data collected during three water-quality surveys at low flow. During these surveys, in-stream dissolved-oxygen concentrations averaged less than 3 mg/L, well below the State minimum requirement of 5.0 mg/L. The model indicated that these low concentrations were caused by high waste loadings, lack of dilution, low reaeration, and benthic-oxygen demand. The summer waste-assimilation study assumed that future reductions in discharge loadings would decrease carbonaceous and benthic decay and increase nitrogenous decay. This study indicated that projected effluent waste loads that would provide acceptable in-stream dissolved-oxygen concentrations are highly dependent on rates of nitrification. Ammonia toxicity became the limiting water-quality criterion at low nitrification rates. The winter waste-assimilation study indicated that projected dissolved-oxygen concentrations in Little Lick and Big Lick Creeks did not fall below the State standard. Owing to a lack of dilution, however, ammonia-nitrogen concentrations would violate in-stream toxicity standards in both Little Lick and Big Lick Creeks. (USGS) |
| Genre: | USGS Numbered Series |
| ProdID: | 10688 |
| Citation Author: | Peters, James G.; Crawford, Charles G.; Wilber, William G. |
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| Citation Language: | ENGLISH |
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| Citation Phsyical Description: | ix, 110 p. ill., map ;28 cm. |
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| Citation Publisher: | U.S. Geological Survey, |
| Citation Series: | Open-File Report |
| Citation Series Code: | OFR |
| Citation Series Number: | 80-73 |
| Citation Search Results Text: | A one-dimensional, steady-state, dissolved-oxygen model and waste-load assimilation study for Little and Big Lick creeks, Blackford and Delaware counties, Indiana; 1980; OFR; 80-73; Peters, James G.; Crawford, Charles G.; Wilber, William G. |
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| Citation Year: | 1980 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | A one-dimensional, steady-state, dissolved-oxygen model and waste-load assimilation study for Little and Big Lick creeks, Blackford and Delaware counties, Indiana; 1980; OFR; 80-73; Peters, James G.; Crawford, Charles G.; Wilber, William G. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg |
| Date Other: | Sat, 1 Jan 1994 00:00 -0600 |
| Publisher: | U.S. Geological Survey, |
