| Abstract: | Glacial deposits, as much as 360 feet thick, underlie the study area. The upper 29 to 118 feet, a sand and gravel unit, is the aquifer tapped by all wells in the area. This unit is underlain by impermeable clay that is at least 100 feet thick. Ground-water flow is northeastward at an estimated rate of 2 to 5 feet per day. Hydraulic conductivities in the aquifer range from 85 to 250 feet per day; 120 feet per day provided the best match of field data in a ground-water flow model. The depth to water ranged from 1 to 20 feet. Chemical analyses indicate that ground water is contaminated with organic chemicals from near the Hangar/Administration building at the U.S. Coast Guard Air Station at East Bay, about 4,300 feet northeast. The plume, which follows ground-water flow lines, ranges from 180 to 400 feet wide. In the upper reach of the plume, hydrocarbons less dense than water occur at the surface of the water table; they move downward in the aquifer as they move toward east Bay. Maximum concentrations of the major organic compounds include: benzene, 3,390 ug/L; toluene, 55,500 ug/L; xylene, 3,900 ug/L, tetrachloroethylene, 3,410 ug/L; amd bis (2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate, 2,100 ug/L. Soils are generally free of these hydrocarbons; however, in the vicinity of past drum storage, aircraft maintenance operations, and fuel storage and dispensing , as much as 1,100 ug/kg of tetrachloroethylene and 1,500 ug/kg of bis (-ethyl hexyl) phthalate were detected. At a few locations higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, characteristic of petroleum distillates were found. (USGS) |
| Genre: | USGS Numbered Series |
| ProdID: | 30251 |
| Citation Author: | Twenter, F. R.; Cummings, T. R.; Grannemann, N. G. |
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| Citation Language: | ENGLISH |
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| Citation Phsyical Description: | ix, 63 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm. |
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| Citation Publisher: | U.S. Geological Survey, |
| Citation Series: | Water-Resources Investigations Report |
| Citation Series Code: | WRI |
| Citation Series Number: | 85-4064 |
| Citation Search Results Text: | Ground-water contamination in East Bay Township, Michigan; 1985; WRI; 85-4064; Twenter, F. R.; Cummings, T. R.; Grannemann, N. G. |
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| Citation Year: | 1985 |
| Type: | citation/reference |
| Text: | Ground-water contamination in East Bay Township, Michigan; 1985; WRI; 85-4064; Twenter, F. R.; Cummings, T. R.; Grannemann, N. G. |
| URL (THUMBNAIL): | http://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/report-thumb.jpg |
| URL (DOCUMENT): | http://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/report.pdf |
| URL (PLATE): | http://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/plate-1.pdf |
| URL (PLATE): | http://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/plate-2.pdf |
| URL (PLATE): | http://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/plate-3.pdf |
| URL (PLATE): | http://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/plate-4.pdf |
| URL (PLATE): | http://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/plate-5.pdf |
| Date Other: | Sat, 1 Jan 1994 00:00 -0600 |
| Publisher: | U.S. Geological Survey, |
