Publication Citation

USGS Series Open-File Report
Report Number 2003-28
Title African dust carries microbes across the ocean: are they affecting human and ecosystem health?
Edition Version 1.0 Online Only
Language ENGLISH
Author(s) Kellogg, Christina A.; Griffin, Dale W.
Year 2003
Originating office Center for Coastal and Watershed Studies
USGS Library Call Number (200) R29o no.2003-28
Physical description 4 p.
ISBN

Online Document Versions

Copies of the original may be available.

For more information or ordering assistance, call 1-888-ASK-USGS (1-888-275-8747), visit http://ask.usgs.gov, contact any USGS Earth Science Information Center (ESIC), or write:

USGS Information Services
Box 25286
Denver, CO 80225
Abstract

Atmospheric transport of dust from northwest Africa to the western Atlantic Ocean region may be responsible for a number of environmental hazards, including the demise of Caribbean corals; red tides; amphibian diseases; increased occurrence of asthma in humans; and oxygen depletion (eutrophication) in estuaries. Studies of satellite images suggest that hundreds of millions of tons of dust are trans-ported annually at relatively low altitudes across the Atlantic Ocean to the Caribbean Sea and southeastern United States. The dust emanates from the expanding Sahara/Sahel desert region in Africa and carries a wide variety of bacteria and fungi. The U.S. Geological Survey, in collaboration with the NASA/Goddard Spaceflight Center, is conducting a study to identify microbes--bacteria, fungi, viruses--transported across the Atlantic in African soil dust. Each year, millions of tons of desert dust blow off the west African coast and ride the trade winds across the ocean, affecting the entire Caribbean basin, as well as the southeastern United States. Of the dust reaching the U.S., Florida receives about 50 percent, while the rest may range as far north as Maine or as far west as Colorado. The dust storms can be tracked by satellite and take about one week to cross the Atlantic.