Pesticides and amphibian declines in California, USA

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
By: , and 

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Abstract

Several species of anuran amphibians have undergone drastic population declines in the western United States over the last 10 to 15 years. In California, the most severe declines are in the Sierra Mountains east of the Central Valley and downwind of the intensely agricultural San Joaquin Valley. In contrast, coastal and more northern populations across from the less agrarian Sacramento Valley are stable or declining less precipitously. In this article, we provide evidence that pesticides are instrumental in declines of these species. Using Hyla regilla as a sentinel species, we found that cholinesterase (ChE) activity in tadpoles was depressed in mountainous areas east of the Central Valley compared with sites along the coast or north of the Valley. Cholinesterase was also lower in areas where ranid population status was poor or moderate compared with areas with good ranid status. Up to 50% of the sampled population in areas with reduced ChE had detectable organophosphorus residues, with concentrations as high as 190 ppb wet weight. In addition, up to 86% of some populations had measurable endosulfan concentrations and 40% had detectable 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, 4,4′-DDT, and 2,4′-DDT residues.

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Publication type Article
Publication Subtype Journal Article
Title Pesticides and amphibian declines in California, USA
Series title Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
DOI 10.1002/etc.5620200725
Volume 20
Issue 7
Year Published 2001
Language English
Publisher Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
Contributing office(s) Western Ecological Research Center
Description 5 p.
First page 1591
Last page 1595
Country United States
State California
Other Geospatial Lassen Volcanic National Park, Sequoia National Park, Yosemite National Park
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