Radioisotope analyses of basalt samples from Hawaii, Japan, and Iwo Jima show that: (1) 234U and 238U are virtually in radioactive equilibrium, (2) 230Th exceeds equilibrium values in all these samples, (3) 210Pb concentrations range from 10-200% of the equilibrium values and average 30% deficient, and (4) 226Ra is probably not in equilibrium with 234U. The source regions of the basalts or magma forming processes are open systems, chemically. The enrichment of some of the uranium-daughter nuclides is insufficient to account for the excess 206Pb in volcanic rocks. The isotopic composition of lead and specific activity of 210Pb in sublimates from Showa-shinzan, Japan are also reported. ?? 1966.