Debris-flow deposition: Effects of pore-fluid pressure and friction concentrated at flow margins
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Abstract
Measurements of pore-fluid pressure and total bed-normal stress at the base of several ∼10 m3 experimental debris flows provide new insight into the process of debris-flow deposition. Pore-fluid pressures nearly sufficient to cause liquefaction were developed and maintained during flow mobilization and acceleration, persisted in debris-flow interiors during flow deceleration and deposition, and dissipated significantly only during postdepositional sediment consolidation. In contrast, leading edges of debris flows exhibited little or no positive pore-fluid pressure. Deposition therefore resulted from grain-contact friction and bed friction concentrated at flow margins. This finding contradicts models that invoke widespread decay of excess pore-fluid pressure, uniform viscoplastic yield strength, or pervasive grain-collision stresses to explain debris-flow deposition. Furthermore, the finding demonstrates that deposit thickness cannot be used to infer the strength of flowing debris.
Publication type | Article |
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Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
Title | Debris-flow deposition: Effects of pore-fluid pressure and friction concentrated at flow margins |
Series title | Geological Society of America Bulletin |
DOI | 10.1130/0016-7606(1999)111<1424:DFDEOP>2.3.CO;2 |
Volume | 111 |
Issue | 10 |
Year Published | 1999 |
Language | English |
Publisher | Geological Society of America |
Contributing office(s) | Cascades Volcano Observatory |
Description | 11 p. |
First page | 1424 |
Last page | 1434 |
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