The state and future of Mars polar science and exploration

S.M. Clifford; D. Crisp; D.A. Fisher; Kenneth E. Herkenhoff; S.E. Smrekar; P. C. Thomas; D. D. Wynn-Williams; R.W. Zurek; J.R. Barnes; B.G. Bills; E.W. Blake; W. M. Calvin; J.M. Cameron; M. H. Carr; P. R. Christensen; B. C. Clark; G.D. Clow; J.A. Cutts; D. Dahl-Jensen; W. B. Durham; F. P. Fanale; J.D. Farmer; F. Forget; K. Gotto-Azuma; R. Grard; R.M. Haberle; W. Harrison; R. Harvey; A.D. Howard; A.P. Ingersoll; P.B. James; J.S. Kargel; H. H. Kieffer; J. Larsen; K. Lepper; M. C. Malin; D. J. McCleese; B. Murray; J.F. Nye; D. A. Paige; S.R. Platt; J.J. Plaut; N. Reeh; J.W. Rice; D.E. Smith; C. R. Stoker; K. L. Tanaka; E. Mosley-Thompson; T. Thorsteinsson; S.E. Wood; A. Zent; M.T. Zuber; H.J. Zwally

doi:10.1006/icar.1999.6290

The state and future of Mars polar science and exploration

Icarus

By: S.M. Clifford, D. Crisp, D.A. Fisher, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, S.E. Smrekar, P. C. Thomas, D. D. Wynn-Williams, R.W. Zurek, J.R. Barnes, B.G. Bills, E.W. Blake, W. M. Calvin, J.M. Cameron, M. H. Carr, P. R. Christensen, B. C. Clark, G.D. Clow, J.A. Cutts, D. Dahl-Jensen, W. B. Durham, F. P. Fanale, J.D. Farmer, F. Forget, K. Gotto-Azuma, R. Grard, R.M. Haberle, W. Harrison, R. Harvey, A.D. Howard, A.P. Ingersoll, P.B. James, J.S. Kargel, H. H. Kieffer, J. Larsen, K. Lepper, M. C. Malin, D. J. McCleese, B. Murray, J.F. Nye, D. A. Paige, S.R. Platt, J.J. Plaut, N. Reeh, J.W. Rice, D.E. Smith, C. R. Stoker, K. L. Tanaka, E. Mosley-Thompson, T. Thorsteinsson, S.E. Wood, A. Zent, M.T. Zuber, and H.J. Zwally

https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.1999.6290

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Abstract

As the planet's principal cold traps, the martian polar regions have accumulated extensive mantles of ice and dust that cover individual areas of ∼10⁶ km² and total as much as 3–4 km thick. From the scarcity of superposed craters on their surface, these layered deposits are thought to be comparatively young—preserving a record of the seasonal and climatic cycling of atmospheric CO₂, H₂O, and dust over the past ∼10⁵–10⁸ years. For this reason, the martian polar deposits may serve as a Rosetta Stone for understanding the geologic and climatic history of the planet—documenting variations in insolation (due to quasiperiodic oscillations in the planet's obliquity and orbital elements), volatile mass balance, atmospheric composition, dust storm activity, volcanic eruptions, large impacts, catastrophic floods, solar luminosity, supernovae, and perhaps even a record of microbial life. Beyond their scientific value, the polar regions may soon prove important for another reason—providing a valuable and accessible reservoir of water to support the long-term human exploration of Mars. In this paper we assess the current state of Mars polar research, identify the key questions that motivate the exploration of the polar regions, discuss the extent to which current missions will address these questions, and speculate about what additional capabilities and investigations may be required to address the issues that remain outstanding.

Additional publication details
Publication type	Article
Publication Subtype	Journal Article
Title	The state and future of Mars polar science and exploration
Series title	Icarus
DOI	10.1006/icar.1999.6290
Volume	144
Issue	2
Year Published	2000
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Contributing office(s)	Astrogeology Science Center
Description	33 p.
Larger Work Type	Article
Larger Work Subtype	Journal Article
Larger Work Title	Icarus
First page	210
Last page	242
Other Geospatial	Mars
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