Volcano monitoring using the Global Positioning System: Filtering strategies
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Abstract
Permanent Global Positioning System (GPS) networks are routinely used for producing improved orbits and monitoring secular tectonic deformation. For these applications, data are transferred to an analysis center each day and routinely processed in 24-hour segments. To use GPS for monitoring volcanic events, which may last only a few hours, real-time or near real-time data processing and subdaily position estimates are valuable. Strategies have been researched for obtaining station coordinates every 15 min using a Kalman filter; these strategies have been tested on data collected by a GPS network on Kilauea Volcano. Data from this network are tracked continuously, recorded every 30 s, and telemetered hourly to the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. A white noise model is heavily impacted by data outages and poor satellite geometry, but a properly constrained random walk model fits the data well. Using a borehole tiltmeter at Kilauea's summit as ground-truth, solutions using different random walk constraints were compared. This study indicates that signals on the order of 5 mm/h are resolvable using a random walk standard deviation of 0.45 cm/√h. Values lower than this suppress small signals, and values greater than this have significantly higher noise at periods of 1–6 hours.
Study Area
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Volcano monitoring using the Global Positioning System: Filtering strategies |
| Series title | Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth |
| DOI | 10.1029/2001JB000305 |
| Volume | 106 |
| Issue | B9 |
| Year Published | 2001 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | American Geophysical Union |
| Description | 12 p. |
| First page | 19453 |
| Last page | 19464 |
| Country | United States |
| State | Hawai'i |
| Other Geospatial | Kīlauea |
| Google Analytic Metrics | Metrics page |