Geochemistry of bed and suspended sediment in the Mississippi river system: Provenance versus weathering and winnowing
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Abstract
Stream-bed sediment for the size fraction less than 150 μm, examined in 14,000 samples collected mostly from minor tributaries to the major rivers throughout the Mississippi River drainage system, is composed of 5 mineral fractions identified by factor analysis—Al-silicate minerals, quartz, calcite and dolomite, heavy minerals, and an Fe–Mn fraction. The Al-silicate fraction parallels its distribution in the regolith, emphasizing the local sediment source as a primary control to its distribution. Quartz and the heavy-mineral fraction, and associated trace elements, exhibit a complementary distribution to that of the Al-silicate fraction, with a level of enrichment in the bed sediment that is achieved through winnowing and sorting. The carbonate fraction has a distribution suggesting its dissolution during transport. Trace elements partitioned onto the Fe–Mn, possibly amorphous oxyhydride, fraction are introduced to the streams, in part, through human activity. Except for the heavy-mineral fraction, these fractions are identified in suspended sediment from the Mississippi River itself. Although comparison of the tributary bed sediment with the riverine suspended sediment is problematic, the geochemistry of the suspended sediment seems to corroborate the interpretation of the geochemistry of the bed sediment.
Study Area
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Geochemistry of bed and suspended sediment in the Mississippi river system: Provenance versus weathering and winnowing |
| Series title | Science of the Total Environment |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.05.041 |
| Volume | 362 |
| Issue | 1-3 |
| Year Published | 2006 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Contributing office(s) | Toxic Substances Hydrology Program |
| Description | 26 p. |
| First page | 179 |
| Last page | 204 |
| Country | United States |
| Other Geospatial | Arkansas basin, Ohio basin Tennessee basin, Lower Mississippi basin, Missouri basin, Upper Mississippi basin |
| Google Analytic Metrics | Metrics page |