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Abstract
Mountain glaciers and ice caps cover an area of over 400 000 km2 in the Arctic, and are a major influence on global sea level (Gardner et al. 2011, 2013; Jacob et al. 2012). They gain mass by snow accumulation and lose mass by meltwater runoff. Where they terminate in water (ocean or lake), they also lose mass by iceberg calving. The climatic mass balance (Bclim, the difference between annual snow accumulation and annual meltwater runoff) is a widely used index of how glaciers respond to climate variability and change. The total mass balance (ΔM) is defined as the difference between annual snow accumulation and annual mass losses (by iceberg calving plus runoff).
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Glaciers and ice caps outside Greenland |
| Series title | Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society |
| Edition | Supplement |
| Volume | 96 |
| Issue | 7 |
| Year Published | 2015 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | American Meteorological Society |
| Publisher location | Washington, D.C. |
| Contributing office(s) | Alaska Science Center |
| Description | Sxvi., S267 |
| First page | S135 |
| Last page | S137 |
| Online Only (Y/N) | N |
| Additional Online Files (Y/N) | N |
| Google Analytic Metrics | Metrics page |