Larger aftershocks happen farther away: nonseparability of magnitude and spatial distributions of aftershocks
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Abstract
Aftershocks may be driven by stress concentrations left by the main shock rupture or by elastic stress transfer to adjacent fault sections or strands. Aftershocks that occur within the initial rupture may be limited in size, because the scale of the stress concentrations should be smaller than the primary rupture itself. On the other hand, aftershocks that occur on adjacent fault segments outside the primary rupture may have no such size limitation. Here we use high-precision double-difference relocated earthquake catalogs to demonstrate that larger aftershocks occur farther away than smaller aftershocks, when measured from the centroid of early aftershock activity—a proxy for the initial rupture. Aftershocks as large as or larger than the initiating event nucleate almost exclusively in the outer regions of the aftershock zone. This observation is interpreted as a signature of elastic rebound in the earthquake catalog and can be used to improve forecasting of large aftershocks.
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Larger aftershocks happen farther away: nonseparability of magnitude and spatial distributions of aftershocks |
| Series title | Geophysical Research Letters |
| DOI | 10.1002/2015GL064734 |
| Volume | 42 |
| Issue | 14 |
| Year Published | 2015 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | American Geophysical Union |
| Publisher location | Washington, D.C. |
| Contributing office(s) | Earthquake Science Center |
| Description | 8 p. |
| First page | 5771 |
| Last page | 5778 |
| Online Only (Y/N) | N |
| Additional Online Files (Y/N) | N |
| Google Analytic Metrics | Metrics page |