Environmental and behavioral changes may influence the exposure of an Arctic apex predator to pathogens and contaminants

Todd C. Atwood; Colleen G. Duncan; Kelly A. Patyk; Pauline Nol; Jack Rhyan; Matthew McCollum; Melissa A. McKinney; Andrew M. Ramey; Camila Cerqueira-Cezar; Oliver C H Kwok; Jitender P Dubey; S.G. Hennager

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13496-9

Environmental and behavioral changes may influence the exposure of an Arctic apex predator to pathogens and contaminants

Scientific Reports

By: Todd C. Atwood, Colleen G. Duncan, Kelly A. Patyk, Pauline Nol, Jack Rhyan, Matthew McCollum, Melissa A. McKinney, Andrew M. Ramey, Camila Cerqueira-Cezar, Oliver C H Kwok, Jitender P Dubey, and S.G. Hennager

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13496-9

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Abstract

Recent decline of sea ice habitat has coincided with increased use of land by polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the southern Beaufort Sea (SB), which may alter the risks of exposure to pathogens and contaminants. We assayed blood samples from SB polar bears to assess prior exposure to the pathogens Brucella spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Coxiella burnetii, Francisella tularensis, and Neospora caninum, estimate concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and evaluate risk factors associated with exposure to pathogens and POPs. We found that seroprevalence of Brucella spp. and T. gondii antibodies likely increased through time, and provide the first evidence of exposure of polar bears to C. burnetii, N. caninum, and F. tularensis. Additionally, the odds of exposure to T. gondii were greater for bears that used land than for bears that remained on the sea ice during summer and fall, while mean concentrations of the POP chlordane (ΣCHL) were lower for land-based bears. Changes in polar bear behavior brought about by climate-induced modifications to the Arctic marine ecosystem may increase exposure risk to certain pathogens and alter contaminant exposure pathways.

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Additional publication details
Publication type	Article
Publication Subtype	Journal Article
Title	Environmental and behavioral changes may influence the exposure of an Arctic apex predator to pathogens and contaminants
Series title	Scientific Reports
DOI	10.1038/s41598-017-13496-9
Volume	7
Year Published	2017
Language	English
Publisher	Macmillan Publishers
Contributing office(s)	Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB
Description	13193; 12 p.
Country	United States
State	Alaska
Other Geospatial	Beaufort Sea
Google Analytic Metrics	Metrics page