Phase equilibrium of a high-SiO2, andesite at fO2 = RRO: Implications for Augustine volcano and other high-fO2 arc andesites

Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology
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Abstract

Understanding the impact of magmatic plumbing systems on explosive volcanic activity is important for hazard management. This study describes phase equilibria experiments using a high-silica andesite (HSA; SiO2 = 62.5 wt%) from the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska. Experiments were conducted under H2O saturated conditions, f02f02 = RRO (Re–ReO2 or ~ Ni–NiO + 2), at pressures of 50–200 MPa (PTotal = PH2O), and at temperatures of 800–1060 °C. Run durations varied from 23 to 539 h, inversely scaled with temperature. The natural Augustine HSA phase assemblage (plagioclase, two pyroxenes, Fe–Ti oxides, magnesio-hornblende) was reproduced at 860–880 °C and 120–200 MPa. Comparing experimental and natural glass and plagioclase compositions further refined those conditions to ~ 870 °C and 120–170 MPa. Crystallization of euhedral quartz was accompanied by biotite and small amounts of cummingtonite at T ≤ 850 °C. The relatively high temperature appearance of these typically low-T phases indicates that higher f02f02 could enhance their stability. The storage conditions estimated from our experiments compare well with previous magma plumbing system models for Augustine from geophysical and petrological data. The refined experimental pressure range suggests a storage depth of 4.6–6.6 km, assuming a crustal density of 2650 kg/m3. The strong petrological and geochemical similarities between the products of the 2006, 1986, and 1976 eruptions suggest that the Augustine magmatic system had generally consistent crystallization conditions for the HSA lithology during that > 30-year time interval. The experimental results broad implications for understanding higher f02 magmas at andesitic arc volcanoes.

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Publication type Article
Publication Subtype Journal Article
Title Phase equilibrium of a high-SiO2, andesite at fO2 = RRO: Implications for Augustine volcano and other high-fO2 arc andesites
Series title Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology
DOI 10.1007/s00410-020-1663-6
Volume 175
Year Published 2020
Language English
Publisher Springer
Contributing office(s) Volcano Science Center
Description 24, 20 p.
Country United States
State Alaska
Other Geospatial Augustine Volcano
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