Residential development in the canyons and foothills surrounding Salt Lake City, Utah, is growing at a rapid pace. Urban development typically degrades the water quality when formerly natural lands are developed. In Emigration Canyon, however, residential development is replacing land formerly used for grazing and recreation. It is not clear how this land use change has affected the water quality and biotic communities in this watershed. The water quality and macroinvertebrate communities of Emigration Creek and neighboring Red Butte Creek were examined by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA) during summer 1999.