A preliminary study of variation of Trapa in Japan
Links
- Document: Report (769 KB pdf)
- Download citation as: RIS | Dublin Core
Summary
Frequent occurrence of intermediate forms and poor knowledge on the variability of characters have caused some difficulties in the taxonomy of Trapa in Japan. Thus I made a preliminary analysis on the variation of nuts collected from 21 populations in Southwestern Japan. Attention was paid to some morphometrical characters of the nut and development of lower spines or “pseudohorns.” Each population usually contained different forms of nuts. Among them, however, several entities could be recognized based on the shape of nut as follows. 1) Two-spined form: This included nuts of middle size (width 30–50 mm) and ones of big size (width over 45 mm). In case of the former ones, the nuts with pseudohorns of varying degree of development usually occurred together within one population and even on a single plant. I propose to treat them as one taxon, Trapa japonica, sensu OHWI (1965), without inventing varieties. But at the same time, it was remarkable that the tendency of development of pseudohorns was apparently different from population to population. The bigger ones included two types, that is, one without pseudohorns and the other with pseudohorns. The former one may be identified as T. bispinosa ROXB., but the latter one has not been described in literature. 2) Four-spined form: The nuts of small size (width of about 20 mm) were well definable and thought to be T. incisa SIEB. et ZUCC. The nuts of bigger size showed some variations with respect to their size and/or stoutness of lower spines. The big ones (width over 45 mm) may be treated as one taxon, T. natans or its variety. The nuts of middle size have been named T. natans var. pumila NAKANO. But so far as present materials were concerned, its entity seemed dubious. They might be immature nuts of bigger ones. The different patterns of variation among populations were ascribed to genetic differentiation. Predominance of self-pollination and isolation of habitats were thought to promote genetic isolation and preservation of genetic variations which occurred in each population. But the possibility of hybridization cannot be excluded.
Suggested Citation
Kadono, Yasuro, 2018, A preliminary study of variation of Trapa in Japan (translated into English from the Japanese by V. Chintu Lai): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1075, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181075. [The translation was edited by Nancy B. Rybicki. The article was originally published in Japanese with English summary as Kadono, Y., 1987, A preliminary study of variation of Trapa in Japan: Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica, v. 38 (September), p. 199–210, https://doi.org/10.18942/bunruichiri.KJ00002992255.]
ISSN: 2331-1258 (online)
| Publication type | Report |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | USGS Numbered Series |
| Title | A preliminary study of variation of Trapa in Japan |
| Series title | Open-File Report |
| Series number | 2018-1075 |
| DOI | 10.3133/ofr20181075 |
| Year Published | 2018 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | U.S. Geological Survey |
| Publisher location | Reston, VA |
| Contributing office(s) | National Research Program - Eastern Branch |
| Description | 14 p. |
| Public Comments | Open File Report of the Japanese language paper by Y. Kadono, and translated by Vince Lai that describes Trapa (water chestnut). |
| Country | Japan |
| Online Only (Y/N) | Y |
| Additional Online Files (Y/N) | N |
| Google Analytic Metrics | Metrics page |