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Conceptual hydrologic model of flow in the unsaturated zone, Yucca Mountain, Nevada

Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4345
By:  and 
https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844345

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Abstract

The unsaturated volcanic tuffs beneath Yucca Mountain, Nevada, are being evaluated as a host rock for a potential repository for high-level radioactive waste. A conceptual hydrologic model is proposed to describe the flow of fluids through these rocks. Thickness of the unsaturated zone is about 500 to 750 meters and consists of three welded units interlayered with two nonwelded units. Compared to nonwelded units, welded units have low matrix porosities and permeabilities, high fracture densities, and high bulk hydraulic conductivities. The principal repository area is bounded by normal fault zones. Of the average annual precipitation of 150 millimeters per year, 0.5 to 4.5 millimeters per year becomes net infiltration. Percolation through the matrix of the welded units is principally vertical and is less than 1 millimeter per year. Percolation through nonwelded units occurs both vertically and laterally and has variable rates (0.1 to 100 millimeters per year). Fracture flow is predominant in the uppermost welded unit during intense pulses of infiltration, but is insignificant in the welded unit that forms the potential host rock. Lateral flow in the upper nonwelded unit, enhanced by existence of a capillary barrier, probably is the factor controlling the low fluxes in the host rock and relatively high fluxes in the structural features. (USGS)
Publication type Report
Publication Subtype USGS Numbered Series
Title Conceptual hydrologic model of flow in the unsaturated zone, Yucca Mountain, Nevada
Series title Water-Resources Investigations Report
Series number 84-4345
DOI 10.3133/wri844345
Edition -
Year Published 1984
Language ENGLISH
Publisher U.S. Geological Survey,
Description iv, 55 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.
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