Photoenhanced toxicity of a carbamate insecticide to early life stage anuran amphibians
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Abstract
Aican clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) and gray tree frog (Hyla versicolor) embryos and tadpoles were exposed to sublethal levels of carbaryl, a broad-spectrum insecticide, and ultraviolet radiation to determine interactive and sublethal effects. Ultraviolet intensity (UV-B [285–320 nm] plus UV-A [321–400 nm]) was controlled with various types of plastic filters and quantified with a scanning spectroradiometer. Significant differences in swimming activity and mortality of both species were evident during the 96-h experiments. Ultraviolet-B radiation alone and carbaryl in the presence of UV-B significantly decreased swimming activity of both species. As little as 1.5% intensity of ambient solar UV-B radiation photoactivated carbaryl. Toxicity of 7.5 mg/L carbaryl increased by 10-fold in the presence of UV-B in all species and life stages tested. Our results indicate that photoenhancement by solar UV-B radiation should be considered when evaluating the toxicity of contaminants to amphibians and other organisms.
| Publication type | Article |
|---|---|
| Publication Subtype | Journal Article |
| Title | Photoenhanced toxicity of a carbamate insecticide to early life stage anuran amphibians |
| Series title | Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry |
| DOI | 10.1002/etc.5620171223 |
| Volume | 17 |
| Issue | 12 |
| Year Published | 1998 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Wiley |
| Contributing office(s) | Columbia Environmental Research Center |
| Description | 11 p. |
| First page | 2543 |
| Last page | 2553 |
| Google Analytic Metrics | Metrics page |