Estimating wetland connectivity to streams in the Prairie Pothole Region: An isotopic and remote sensing approach

Water Resources Research
By: , and 

Links

Abstract

Understanding hydrologic connectivity between wetlands and perennial streams is critical to understanding the reliance of stream flow on inputs from wetlands. We used the isotopic evaporation signal in water and remote sensing to examine wetland‐stream hydrologic connectivity within the Pipestem Creek watershed, North Dakota, a watershed dominated by prairie‐pothole wetlands. Pipestem Creek exhibited an evaporated‐water signal that had approximately half the isotopic‐enrichment signal found in most evaporatively enriched prairie‐pothole wetlands. Groundwater adjacent to Pipestem Creek had isotopic values that indicated recharge from winter precipitation and had no significant evaporative enrichment, indicating that enriched surface water did not contribute significantly to groundwater discharging into Pipestem Creek. The estimated surface water area necessary to generate the evaporation signal within Pipestem Creek was highly dynamic, varied primarily with the amount of discharge, and was typically greater than the immediate Pipestem Creek surface water area, indicating that surficial flow from wetlands contributed to stream flow throughout the summer. We propose a dynamic range of spilling thresholds for prairie‐pothole wetlands across the watershed allowing for wetland inputs even during low‐flow periods. Combining Landsat estimates with the isotopic approach allowed determination of potential (Landsat) and actual (isotope) contributing areas in wetland‐dominated systems. This combined approach can give insights into the changes in location and magnitude of surface water and groundwater pathways over time. This approach can be used in other areas where evaporation from wetlands results in a sufficient evaporative isotopic signal.

Publication type Article
Publication Subtype Journal Article
Title Estimating wetland connectivity to streams in the Prairie Pothole Region: An isotopic and remote sensing approach
Series title Water Resources Research
DOI 10.1002/2017WR021016
Volume 54
Issue 2
Year Published 2018
Language English
Publisher AGU
Contributing office(s) Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Description 23 p.
First page 955
Last page 977
Country United States
State North Dakota
Google Analytic Metrics Metrics page
Additional publication details